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Related Concept Videos

Dehydration Synthesis01:15

Dehydration Synthesis

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Overview
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
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Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
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During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
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One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
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Total Voids in Concrete01:12

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Total voids in concrete encompass gel water volume, capillary pores, and entrapped air. Gel water (retained within the cement hydration products) and physically entrapped or adsorbed water are significant for the hydration process. For complete hydration, it's estimated that the space needed for the products of a cubic centimeter of cement doubles. Capillary pores constitute the unoccupied space within the hydrated cement paste, with their size largely influenced by the water-to-cement...
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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

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Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.
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Synthesis of an Intein-mediated Artificial Protein Hydrogel
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The Total Synthesis of Spirotryprostatin A.

Scott D Edmondson1, Samuel J Danishefsky1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, New York, NY 10021 (USA), Fax: (+1) 212-772-8691.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers achieved the first total synthesis of compound 1, a novel cell cycle inhibitor. This breakthrough involved eight steps, including key oxidative and elimination reactions for constructing the spiroindolinone core.

Keywords:
2-oxindolesDiketopiperazinesSpiro compoundsSpirotryprostatin ATotal synthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The cell cycle is a critical process for cell growth and division.
  • Dysregulation of the cell cycle is a hallmark of cancer.
  • Novel inhibitors targeting cell cycle transitions are needed for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first total synthesis of compound 1.
  • To characterize compound 1 as an inhibitor of G2 and M phase transitions.
  • To establish a synthetic route amenable to analog development.

Main Methods:

  • Stereocontrolled oxidative rearrangement of an indole precursor.
  • Regioselective sulfoxide elimination for core construction.
  • Multi-step synthesis culminating in compound 1.

Main Results:

  • Successful completion of the first total synthesis of compound 1 in eight steps.
  • Compound 1 was confirmed to inhibit cell cycle progression from G2 and M phases.
  • Key synthetic steps provided high stereochemical and regiochemical control.

Conclusions:

  • The developed synthetic strategy provides efficient access to compound 1.
  • Compound 1 represents a promising scaffold for developing new cell cycle-targeting agents.
  • Further investigation into the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of compound 1 is warranted.