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Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
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Lipases: Interfacial Enzymes with Attractive Applications.

Rolf D Schmid1, Robert Verger2

  • 1Institut für Technische Biochemie der Universität, Allmandring 31, D-70569 Stuttgart (Germany), Fax: (+49) 711-685-3196.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|May 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Lipases are versatile enzymes with broad applications in hydrolysis and synthesis. Protein engineering efforts are underway to enhance lipase properties for industrial uses like detergents.

Keywords:
AcylationsEnzyme catalysisIndustrial chemistryLipasesMetabolism

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Lipases exhibit exceptional substrate specificity, enabling hydrolysis of triacylglycerols and synthetic esters/amides.
  • Their stability in organic solvents facilitates use in transesterification and ester synthesis.
  • Lipase-catalyzed reactions offer high regio- and enantioselectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the versatile substrate specificity of lipases.
  • To discuss the application of lipases in synthesis, exemplified by diltiazem production.
  • To underscore ongoing efforts in lipase protein engineering for industrial applications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of lipase substrate specificity and reaction capabilities.
  • Case study of diltiazem synthesis using Serratia marcescens lipase.
  • Analysis of recent advancements in lipase cloning and structural determination.

Main Results:

  • Lipases efficiently catalyze hydrolysis and synthesis reactions with high selectivity.
  • Successful synthesis of the Ca2+ antagonist diltiazem using microbial lipase.
  • Over 30 lipases have been cloned, with 12 having known tertiary structures.

Conclusions:

  • Lipases are highly adaptable biocatalysts with significant industrial potential.
  • Protein engineering is actively being employed to optimize lipases for applications such as detergents.
  • The versatility and selectivity of lipases make them valuable tools in synthetic chemistry and biotechnology.