Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Condensins02:15

Condensins

4.7K
Condensins are large protein complexes that use ATP to fuel the assembly of chromosomes during mitosis. They transform the tangled, shapeless mass of post-interphase DNA into individualized chromosomes by compacting, organizing, and segregating chromosomal DNA.
The plant and animal cells contain two types of condensin complexes—condensin I and condensin II. Both complexes have five subunits: two SMC (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes) subunits, a kleisin subunit, and two HEAT-repeat...
4.7K
Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:13

Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles

23.5K
Skeletal muscle cells, also called muscle fibers, are distinctly elongated, multi-nucleated, slender biological units. They are packed with specialized structures designed to facilitate their primary function, which is contraction.
The muscle sarcolemma is a plasma membrane enclosing each muscle cell that conducts electrical signals called action potentials. The sarcolemma extends into the cell to form T-tubules, ensuring the neural impulses are uniformly distributed across the entire muscle...
23.5K
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

2.9K
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...
2.9K
Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

4.0K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
4.0K
Euchromatin01:01

Euchromatin

9.0K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...
9.0K
Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

8.7K
In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
8.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Lipids Contribute to Heterochromatin Condensation Revealed by Quantitative Raman-Brillouin Microscopy.

JACS Au·2026
Same author

Linker histone H1 functions as a liquid-like glue to organize chromatin in living human cells.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Cohesin prevents local mixing of condensed euchromatic domains in living human cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The shifting paradigm of chromatin structure: from the 30-nm chromatin fiber to liquid-like organization.

Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences·2025
Same author

Replication-dependent histone labeling dissects the physical properties of euchromatin/heterochromatin in living human cells.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Orientation-independent-DIC imaging reveals that a transient rise in depletion attraction contributes to mitotic chromosome condensation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2024
Same journal

A pan-vertebrate signaling motif controls the molecular function of intracellular AQP12.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Synergistic assembly, disassembly, and protection of complex forms of bundled F-actin.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Recruitment and release of XPG during NER is controlled by pre- and post-incision factors and EXO1.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Meiotic CENP-C supports centromere assembly and kinetochore recruitment in spermatogenesis.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

Phosphatidylserine and RhoB connect PI4P and PA metabolism to maintain plasma membrane identity.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same journal

PIKfyve influences inter-organelle contacts with lysosomes to modulate the endoplasmic reticulum.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Proper Care and Cleaning of the Microscope
04:57

Proper Care and Cleaning of the Microscope

Published on: August 11, 2008

45.4K

Condensins under the microscope.

Kazuhiro Maeshima1, Kayo Hibino2, Damien F Hudson3,4

  • 1National Institute of Genetics and SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Mishima, Japan kmaeshim@nig.ac.jp.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|May 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Condensins are crucial for organizing DNA during cell division. New research quantifies condensin numbers and behaviors on human chromosomes, proposing a novel model for chromosome condensation.

More Related Videos

Major Components of the Light Microscope
08:08

Major Components of the Light Microscope

Published on: July 30, 2008

24.7K
Conducting Multiple Imaging Modes with One Fluorescence Microscope
08:32

Conducting Multiple Imaging Modes with One Fluorescence Microscope

Published on: October 28, 2018

10.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Proper Care and Cleaning of the Microscope
04:57

Proper Care and Cleaning of the Microscope

Published on: August 11, 2008

45.4K
Major Components of the Light Microscope
08:08

Major Components of the Light Microscope

Published on: July 30, 2008

24.7K
Conducting Multiple Imaging Modes with One Fluorescence Microscope
08:32

Conducting Multiple Imaging Modes with One Fluorescence Microscope

Published on: October 28, 2018

10.3K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Condensins are essential protein complexes responsible for compacting chromosomes during mitosis.
  • Understanding the precise role and dynamics of condensins is key to comprehending cell division fidelity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the number of condensins on human mitotic chromosomes.
  • To examine the dynamic behavior of condensins during chromosome condensation.
  • To develop a mechanistic model for chromosome condensation based on quantitative data.

Main Methods:

  • Advanced imaging techniques were employed to visualize and count condensins.
  • Behavioral analysis of condensins on human mitotic chromosomes was performed.
  • Quantitative data integration to formulate a new mechanistic model.

Main Results:

  • The study determined the number of condensins present on human mitotic chromosomes.
  • Condensin behavior and dynamics were characterized in detail.
  • A novel mechanistic model for chromosome condensation was proposed.

Conclusions:

  • The findings provide quantitative insights into the role of condensins in chromosome condensation.
  • The proposed model offers a new framework for understanding the mechanism of mitotic chromosome organization.