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Blocking Lymph Flow by Suturing Afferent Lymphatic Vessels in Mice
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Lymphatic System Flows.

James E Moore1, Christopher D Bertram2

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London.

Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
|May 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The lymphatic system collects leaked fluid, returning it to the blood. Its active pumping mechanism, using valves and muscle contractions, maintains fluid balance and prevents swelling like lymphœdema.

Keywords:
CancerImmunologyLymphOedemaPhysiology

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The blood system supplies tissues but causes fluid leakage at capillaries.
  • The lymphatic system's primary role is to collect interstitial fluid and return it to circulation.
  • Interstitial fluid is often under subatmospheric pressure, while venous return points are at higher pressures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of lymphatic pumping.
  • To understand how the lymphatic system overcomes adverse pressure gradients.
  • To explore the robustness of lymphatic function against perturbations.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigations of lymphatic pumping.
  • Mathematical modeling of lymphatic vessel dynamics.
  • Analysis of valve function and contractile muscle activity.

Main Results:

  • Lymphatic pumping involves active mechanisms overcoming pressure differences.
  • Closely spaced valves and contractile muscle cells are key to lymphatic function.
  • The lymphatic system demonstrates robust performance against minor pressure and flow variations.

Conclusions:

  • The lymphatic system actively pumps fluid against adverse pressure gradients using specialized vessel structures.
  • System robustness ensures effective fluid balance under normal conditions.
  • Disruptions to lymphatic pumping can lead to severe conditions such as lymphœdema.