Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
10:57

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

24.4K

Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of cefathiamidine in children with hematologic infection

Li-Juan Zhi1,2, Li Wang2,3, Xing-Kai Chen4

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China.

Drug Design, Development and Therapy
|May 2, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cefathiamidine dosing in children requires adjustment. The current regimen risks underdosing; a q6h schedule is needed for effective treatment against Haemophilus influenzae infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Pediatric Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cefathiamidine is a first-generation cephalosporin approved for bacterial infections in children and adults.
  • Limited pharmacokinetic data exists for cefathiamidine in pediatric populations.
  • Optimizing cefathiamidine treatment in children necessitates understanding its pharmacokinetic profile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of cefathiamidine in pediatric patients.
  • To define an appropriate cefathiamidine dosage regimen for children.
  • To optimize cefathiamidine treatment efficacy in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected from pediatric patients receiving cefathiamidine.
  • Cefathiamidine concentrations were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry.
  • Population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using NONMEM software.

Main Results:

  • A two-compartment model with first-order elimination best described cefathiamidine pharmacokinetics.
  • Bodyweight was identified as a significant covariate influencing cefathiamidine pharmacokinetics.
  • Monte Carlo simulations indicated a high risk of underdosing with the current 100 mg/kg/day q12h regimen.
  • A dose of 100 mg/kg/day cefathiamidine q6h is required to achieve target 70% fT>MIC against Haemophilus influenzae.

Conclusions:

  • A population pharmacokinetic model for cefathiamidine in pediatric patients was established.
  • The established model highlights the inadequacy of current dosing regimens.
  • A cefathiamidine dosing regimen of 100 mg/kg/day q6h is recommended for treating H. influenzae infections in children.
Abstract

Keywords:
cefathiamidinechildrendosingpharmacokinetics

More Related Videos

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis08:44

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

Published on: September 7, 2022

2.9K
Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism09:03

Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism

Published on: March 27, 2012

46.6K

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
324
Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data01:12

Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data

Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
814
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
281
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance01:23

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance

The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
693
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
248
Conservation of Small Populations02:04

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
17.4K