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Energy Requirements in Critically Ill Patients
Didace Ndahimana1, Eun-Kyung Kim1
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea.
Clinical Nutrition Research
|May 2, 2018
Summary
Critically ill patients need precise energy assessment due to increased metabolic needs and malnutrition risk. This review examines methods for estimating energy requirements and discusses optimal caloric goals in critical care nutrition.
Area of Science:
- Critical care medicine
- Clinical nutrition
- Metabolic research
Background:
- Critically ill patients exhibit elevated energy expenditure compared to healthy individuals.
- This heightened metabolic state increases the risk of malnutrition and necessitates careful nutritional support.
- Accurate assessment of individual nutritional requirements, particularly energy supply, is crucial for positive clinical outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review energy metabolic alterations in critically ill patients.
- To evaluate methods for estimating energy requirements in this population.
- To discuss optimal caloric targets and the accuracy of predictive equations for resting energy expenditure.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on energy metabolism in critical illness.
- Analysis of indirect calorimetry as a reference method.
- Evaluation of commonly used predictive equations for resting energy expenditure.
Main Results:
- Critically ill patients have significantly higher energy expenditure.
- Indirect calorimetry is the gold standard, but predictive equations are often used due to practical limitations.
- The accuracy of various predictive equations for resting energy expenditure in critically ill patients varies.
Conclusions:
- Individualized energy assessment is vital for effective nutritional support in critical illness.
- Understanding energy metabolism aids in selecting appropriate estimation methods.
- Further research is needed to refine predictive equations for optimal caloric delivery in critically ill patients.
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