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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Peptide and Protein Quantification Using Automated Immuno-MALDI iMALDI
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How iMALDI can improve clinical diagnostics.

R Popp1, M Basik, A Spatz

  • 1University of Victoria Genome British Columbia Proteomics Centre, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 7X8, Canada. christoph@proteincentre.com.

The Analyst
|May 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immuno-MALDI mass spectrometry (MS) offers a robust, automated solution for clinical protein assays, overcoming limitations of current methods. This technique enables precise quantification of biomarkers for companion diagnostics and precision medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Protein mass spectrometry (MS) is vital for life science discoveries but underutilized in clinical assays.
  • Current clinical assays like immunohistochemistry and immunoassays lack standardization and rely heavily on antibody specificity.
  • Existing MS techniques (MALDI, LC-MS) face challenges with complex samples, automation, and robustness for routine clinical use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the limitations of current clinical protein assay methods.
  • To introduce and discuss the potential of Immuno-MALDI (iMALDI) MS for clinical applications.
  • To highlight iMALDI's utility in biomarker quantification and companion diagnostics for precision medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing anti-peptide antibodies for specific analyte enrichment.
  • On-target detection of captured analytes using MS.
  • Developing a fully automatable workflow combining antibody enrichment with MS detection.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful quantification of endogenous peptides and proteins from clinical samples using iMALDI MS.
  • Showcased iMALDI's ability to overcome specificity and standardization issues of immunoassays.
  • Highlighted the potential for unambiguous detection and quantification of analytes.

Conclusions:

  • iMALDI MS presents a powerful, automatable solution for clinical protein assays.
  • The technique combines the specificity of immunoassays with the precision of MS.
  • iMALDI MS holds significant promise for companion diagnostics and advancing precision medicine.