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Transmitting Plant Viruses Using Whiteflies
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Cotton Leaf Curl Disease: Which Whitefly Is the Vector?

Li-Long Pan1, Xi-Yun Cui1, Qun-Fang Chen1

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Cotton leaf curl disease transmission by whiteflies is specific. Only the indigenous Asia II 1 whitefly species efficiently transmitted cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), impacting cotton production.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Entomology
  • Molecular virology

Background:

  • Cotton leaf curl disease significantly impacts cotton production globally.
  • Begomoviruses, particularly cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), are the primary causal agents.
  • Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci complex) transmission efficiency of these viruses remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the transmission efficiency of CLCuMuV by different Bemisia tabaci species.
  • To investigate the role of whitefly species and viral coat protein in CLCuMuV transmission.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying differential virus transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative transmission assays using four Bemisia tabaci species (two indigenous Asian, two invasive).
  • Quantitative virus analysis and immunofluorescence assays to study virus movement.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of begomovirus coat proteins.

Main Results:

  • Only the indigenous Asia II 1 whitefly species demonstrated high CLCuMuV transmission efficiency.
  • Differential transmission efficiency correlated with CLCuMuV's ability to cross the whitefly midgut.
  • The viral coat protein was confirmed to play a role in CLCuMuV transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Whitefly species specificity is a critical factor in CLCuMuV transmission.
  • Midgut passage efficiency and viral coat protein influence transmission dynamics.
  • Most cotton leaf curl disease-associated begomoviruses likely share similar transmission characteristics, informing disease management strategies.