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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Combining Augmented Reality and 3D Printing to Display Patient Models on a Smartphone
Published on: January 2, 2020
Application of 3D-printed patient-specific skeletal implants augmented with autologous skeletal stem cells
Vitali Goriainov1, Josephine K McEwan1, Richard Oc Oreffo1
1Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cell & Regeneration, Institute of Developmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
Abstract:
Joint replacements have proved a medical success providing symptomatic relief and return to mobility in many patients with arthritis. However, multiple revision surgeries due to joint failure can result in complex revision scenarios with significant bone tissue loss, in an elderly population, which poses a significant clinical challenge. Computer-aided design-computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) prototyped bespoke implants are currently being used as an alternative and innovative approach for joint restoration in salvage cases, while the incorporation of autologous skeletal stem cells to optimize regenerative capacity can enhance implant osseointegration. We present a case series of 11 patients with severe disability and significant bone loss due to failed joint replacements. The choice of CAD-CAM prototyped joint implants enhanced with autologous skeletal stem cells resulted in significant patient-reported clinical and radiological improvements.
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