Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Photostimulation by Femtosecond Laser Activates Extracellular-signal-regulated Kinase ERK Signaling or Mitochondrial Events in Target Cells
11:00

Photostimulation by Femtosecond Laser Activates Extracellular-signal-regulated Kinase ERK Signaling or Mitochondrial Events in Target Cells

Published on: July 6, 2019

7.2K

Laser heterodyne interference signal processing method based on phase shift of reference signal

Enzheng Zhang, Benyong Chen, Hao Zheng

    Optics Express
    |May 3, 2018
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Asthma Detection Research Based on Voice Signal Processing and Machine Learning04:04

    Asthma Detection Research Based on Voice Signal Processing and Machine Learning

    Published on: July 22, 2025

    1.0K
    Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling08:51

    Applying an Inducible Expression System to Study Interference of Bacterial Virulence Factors with Intracellular Signaling

    Published on: June 25, 2015

    9.6K

    Related Concept Videos

    What is Cell Signaling?02:03

    What is Cell Signaling?

    Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
    131.1K
    Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

    Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

    In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
    The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
    1.4K
    Bacterial Signaling01:30

    Bacterial Signaling

    Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
    41.2K
    Yeast Signaling01:28

    Yeast Signaling

    Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
    17.3K
    Endocrine Signaling01:45

    Endocrine Signaling

    Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
    68.2K
    Paracrine Signaling01:21

    Paracrine Signaling

    Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...
    59.7K