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Updated: Feb 11, 2026
A Novel Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Juvenile Rats
Published on: December 8, 2014
The Biomarker S100B and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Meta-analysis
Charlotte Oris1, Bruno Pereira2, Julie Durif1
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and.
Insights
S100B protein shows high accuracy in identifying brain injuries in children after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Early S100B testing can help reduce the need for CT scans in pediatric mTBI cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Neurology
- Biomarker Research
- Trauma Care
Background:
- S100B protein is a known biomarker for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in adults.
- Its efficacy in pediatric mTBI cases has been less clear, necessitating further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prognostic value of S100B in predicting intracerebral lesions in children following mTBI.
- To evaluate S100B as a potential biomarker for reducing unnecessary imaging in pediatric mTBI.
Main Methods:
- A meta-analysis was conducted, systematically searching multiple databases (Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar).
- Included studies involved children with mTBI who had S100B measurements and computed tomography (CT) scans.
- Eight studies, comprising 1030 screened articles, met the inclusion criteria for the analysis.
Main Results:
- The pooled sensitivity for S100B in detecting lesions was 100% (95% CI: 98%-100%) and specificity was 34% (95% CI: 30%-38%).
- Analysis of 373 data points from 4 studies, with sampling <3 hours post-trauma, yielded 97% sensitivity and 37.5% specificity.
- Only one child with a low S100B level had a positive CT scan without clinically significant injury.
Conclusions:
- S100B serum analysis can significantly decrease the number of CT scans required for pediatric mTBI evaluation.
- Optimal S100B testing involves sampling within 3 hours of trauma and using pediatric-specific reference ranges.
- S100B shows promise as a reliable biomarker to aid in the management of pediatric mild traumatic brain injury.
Context:
The usefulness of S100B has been noted as a biomarker in the management of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in adults. However, S100B efficacy as a biomarker in children has previously been relatively unclear.
Objective:
A meta-analysis is conducted to assess the prognostic value of S100B in predicting intracerebral lesions in children after mTBI.
Data Sources:
Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
Study Selection:
Studies including children suffering mTBI who underwent S100B measurement and computed tomography (CT) scans were included.
Data Extraction:
Of 1030 articles screened, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria.
Results:
The overall pooled sensitivity and specificity were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 98%-100%) and 34% (95% CI: 30%-38%), respectively. A second analysis was based on the collection of 373 individual data points from 4 studies. Sensitivity and specificity results, obtained from reference ranges in children with a sampling time <3 hours posttrauma, were 97% (95% CI: 84.2%-99.9%) and 37.5% (95% CI: 28.8%-46.8%), respectively. Only 1 child had a low S100B level and a positive CT scan result without clinically important traumatic brain injury.
Limitations:
Only patients undergoing both a CT scan and S100B testing were selected for evaluation.
Conclusions:
S100B serum analysis as a part of the clinical routine could significantly reduce the number of CT scans performed on children with mTBI. Sampling should take place within 3 hours of trauma. Cutoff levels should be based on pediatric reference ranges.
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