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Related Concept Videos

Virtual Work01:20

Virtual Work

1.4K
The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
1.4K
Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving01:13

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

1.7K
The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
To apply the principle of virtual work,...
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Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies01:06

Virtual Work for a System of Connected Rigid Bodies

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Virtual work is a powerful method used to solve problems involving several connected rigid bodies. When the system is in equilibrium, virtual work is zero. This allows the calculation of the resulting forces when a system undergoes a virtual displacement. When attempting to analyze such a system, first, use a free-body diagram, where an independent coordinate represents the configuration of the links, and mark its deflected position resulting from the positive virtual displacement.
Next,...
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Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

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Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
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Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy01:26

Imaging Studies III: Gastrointestinal Motility Studies and Virtual Colonoscopy

438
This lesson explores three gastrointestinal imaging techniques: radionuclide testing, colonic transit studies, and virtual colonoscopy.
Radionuclide Testing
Radionuclide testing is a sophisticated medical technique for assessing gastrointestinal motility. It focuses on gastric emptying and colonic transit time. Radioactive markers track the movement of food through the digestive system, providing insights into gastrointestinal disorders.
In gastric emptying studies, a meal's liquid and...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

545
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Robot-assisted Partial Splenectomy
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Robot-assisted Partial Splenectomy

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Robot Assisted Surgical Ward Rounds: Virtually Always There.

Stefanie M Croghan1, Paul Carroll2, Sarah Reade3

  • 1Department of Surgery Tallaght Hospital. croghans@tcd.ie.

Journal of Innovation in Health Informatics
|May 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Robot-assisted ward rounds using a mobile telepresence drone are feasible and well-accepted by patients and staff. This technology offers a valid alternative to in-person consultations when a surgeon cannot be physically present.

Keywords:
face validityrobotsurgical caretelemedicineward rounds

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical innovation
  • Medical technology
  • Telemedicine

Background:

  • Surgical ward care delivery has lagged behind operating theatre technological advancements.
  • Current telepresence solutions for patient communication are often static, complex, and costly.
  • There is a need for innovative, accessible remote patient care solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility and face validity of a remotely controlled mobile audiovisual drone for inpatient surgical ward rounds.
  • To evaluate patient and staff acceptance of robot-assisted ward rounds (RASWR).

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving robot-assisted ward rounds (RASWR) over 3 months using a mobile telepresence robot.
  • Remote consultant surgeons communicated with patients and bedside teams via encrypted audiovisual link.
  • Patient and staff satisfaction questionnaires (Likert scale, free-text) were administered post-RASWR and compared to conventional rounds.

Main Results:

  • RASWR demonstrated high feasibility (>90% success rate without technical issues).
  • Strong correlations (r>0.7) between RASWR and conventional rounds on key themes like dignity, confidentiality, communication, and satisfaction.
  • High patient acceptance (96.08%) as an alternative when physical consultant presence was not possible.
  • Full acceptance (100%) from nursing and non-consultant hospital doctor cohorts for regular participation.

Conclusions:

  • Robot-assisted ward rounds are feasible and demonstrate face validity.
  • RASWR achieve high patient and staff acceptance.
  • This technology provides a valid alternative to traditional ward rounds when consultant presence is limited.