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Transcutaneous Assessment of Renal Function in Conscious Rodents

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The impact of stone composition on renal function.

Anmar Nassir^1,2,3, Hesham Saada², Taghreed Alnajjar¹

¹Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

|May 3, 2018

Summary

Kidney stone composition impacts kidney function. Uric acid stones were linked to the worst renal impairment, while apatite and brushite stones had the least effect on kidney function.

Keywords:

Estimated glomerular filtration rate renal stones stone composition

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Area of Science:

Nephrology
Urology

Background:

Nephrolithiasis, or kidney stone disease, is a prevalent condition with diverse stone compositions.
Kidney stone formation is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between creatinine clearance and various kidney stone compositions.
To understand how different stone types influence renal function.

Main Methods:

Retrospective cohort study conducted between 2005 and 2014 in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Renal function assessed using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) via the Cockcroft-Gault equation.
Urinary calculi analysis using infrared spectrometry for stone composition.

Main Results:

Analysis of 365 patient stones (mean age 48.2 ± 13.6 years; male to female ratio 3.2:1).
Stage 2 CKD was observed, involving oxalate, struvite, cystine, and uric acid stones.
Uric acid stones showed the most significant negative impact on eGFR; apatite and brushite stones had the least impact.

Conclusions:

Kidney stone disease adversely affects renal function, with varying impacts based on stone composition.
Management strategies should consider stone type's role in renal impairment.
Higher-risk patients require special precautions, multidisciplinary care, and prompt nephrologist referral.