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Decrease of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Browning Is Associated With Vascular Dysfunction in Spontaneous Hypertensive

Ling-Ran Kong1, Yan-Ping Zhou1, Dong-Rui Chen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension at Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Physiology
|May 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging decreases perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) browning and adenosine in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), leading to reduced vascular vasodilation. This highlights PVAT

Keywords:
PVATSHRadenosinebrowningvasodilation

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Physiology
  • Adipose Tissue Biology
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) supports vascular health through mechanical and endocrine mechanisms.
  • PVAT exhibits brown adipose tissue (BAT)-like characteristics, with browning varying by location and species.
  • The role of PVAT browning in vascular tone regulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging on PVAT browning.
  • To determine the effect of aging on PVAT's role in vasomotor reactions in SHRs.
  • To explore the potential involvement of adenosine in PVAT function and vascular tone.

Main Methods:

  • Histological staining and western blot analysis of thoracic PVAT (tPVAT) in 8- and 16-week-old SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats.
  • Vascular reactivity assessment to evaluate tPVAT's influence on vasomotor responses.
  • Measurement of adenosine levels in tPVAT.

Main Results:

  • tPVAT displayed BAT-like features, including smaller adipocytes and UCP1 expression.
  • Younger SHRs (8 weeks) showed higher BAT marker expression in tPVAT than WKY rats.
  • Aging (8 to 16 weeks) caused a more significant decrease in tPVAT browning in SHRs compared to WKY rats.
  • The vasodilation effect of tPVAT diminished in aged SHRs (16 weeks) but not vasoconstriction.
  • Adenosine levels decreased significantly with age in SHR tPVAT, correlating with reduced vasodilation.

Conclusions:

  • Aging is linked to reduced tPVAT browning and adenosine production in SHRs.
  • Decreased PVAT browning and adenosine may contribute to impaired vasodilation in aging SHRs.
  • Adenosine may function as a PVAT-derived relaxing factor influencing vascular tone.