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Related Concept Videos

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication01:30

Social Foundations of Self IV: Self in Digital Communication

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Since the early 2000s, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has grown rapidly, playing a crucial role in self-development. A key distinction between CMC and real-life interactions is the lack of a physically present partner. This absence makes non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, body language, and paralinguistic signals unavailable in CMC platforms like email, instant messaging, or social media. The lack of these cues can create ambiguity and complicate how feedback is interpreted.The...
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Communication01:28

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Sharing information, concepts, and emotions to foster mutual understanding is communication. The sender, recipient, and transaction must be considered in this manner. The sender is the person who shares the message, the recipient is the person who receives and understands the message, and the transaction is the method used to deliver the message and the variables that affect the communication's context and surroundings. The nurse-client connection is built on therapeutic communication.
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People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Recording Mouse Ultrasonic Vocalizations to Evaluate Social Communication
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Using Social Network Analysis to Investigate Positive EOL Communication.

Jiayun Xu1, Rumei Yang2, Andrew Wilson2

  • 1School of Nursing, College of Health and Human Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
|May 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Social network analysis reveals communication patterns in end-of-life (EOL) care. Positive emotions in hospice communication varied by caregiver gender and proximity to death, offering insights into family and provider interactions.

Keywords:
Communicationend of lifemethodsocial networksocial network analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Health Sciences
  • Communication Studies

Background:

  • End-of-life (EOL) communication is intricate, involving families and multiple healthcare providers.
  • Analyzing communication beyond the patient-provider dyad is crucial for clinical understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce social network analysis (SNA) for EOL communication data.
  • Demonstrate SNA application in home hospice interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Modeled communication patterns during home hospice nursing visits using SNA.
  • Examined network attributes: magnitude, directionality, and reciprocity of positive emotion.
  • Analyzed communication structure variations by caregiver gender and time.

Main Results:

  • Positive emotion expression was highest between nurses and patients/caregivers.
  • Female caregivers directed more positive emotion to nurses; nurses directed more to other family caregivers when the primary caregiver was male.
  • Reciprocity of positive emotion decreased near death but increased on the day of death.

Conclusions:

  • SNA effectively models and enhances understanding of EOL communication processes.
  • SNA is applicable to other EOL research areas, including decision-making and teamwork.