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Measures of variability are statistical metrics that reveal the dispersion pattern within a dataset. They are pivotal in biostatistics, providing insights into the heterogeneity within health and biological data. Variability signifies the degree to which data points diverge from one another, helping researchers understand the potential range of values and associated uncertainty within the data.
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Related Experiment Video

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Human Colonoid Monolayers to Study Interactions Between Pathogens, Commensals, and Host Intestinal Epithelium
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Intra-host sequence variability in human papillomavirus.

Racheal S Dube Mandishora1, Kristina S Gjøtterud2, Sonja Lagström3

  • 1Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences, P.O Box A178, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe.

Papillomavirus Research (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|May 4, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) evolve within hosts, with distinct variants linked to anatomical sites and HIV status. This study reveals tissue tropism and immunosuppression significantly shape HPV evolution.

Keywords:
AnogenitalHIVHPV phylogeneticsHPV variabilityTissue tropism

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) exhibit slow co-evolution with their human hosts.
  • Each HPV genotype demonstrates specific epithelial tropisms, indicating site-specific infections.
  • Understanding intra-host HPV evolution is crucial for disease progression and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the evolution of intra-HPV genotype variants within samples.
  • To investigate the association of HPV variants with anogenital site, cervical cytology, and HIV status.
  • To characterize the phylogenetic variability in the L1 gene of 35 HPV genotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic characterization of L1 gene variability for 35 HPV genotypes using maximum likelihood.
  • Identification and quantification of unique HPV variants within individual samples.
  • In-depth analysis of prevalent genotypes (HPV16, HPV18, HPV52) and their clades.

Main Results:

  • Up to a thousand unique HPV variants were identified within single samples, suggesting high intra-host mutation rates.
  • Specific clades of HPV16, HPV18, and HPV52 were associated with anatomical site and HIV co-infection.
  • One HPV16 clade was specific to vaginal cells, one HPV52 clade to anal cells, and a major HPV52 clade correlated with cervical neoplasia.

Conclusions:

  • Tissue tropism is a significant factor shaping HPV evolution and variant distribution.
  • HIV immunosuppression strongly influences HPV evolution and diversity within hosts.
  • HPV variant diversity and specific clade associations provide insights into pathogenesis and host interactions.