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Urinary Virome Perturbations in Kidney Transplantation.
Tara K Sigdel1, Neil Mercer1, Sharvin Nandoe1,2
1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Frontiers in Medicine
|May 5, 2018
Summary
The human urinary virome, including viruses previously unidentified in urine, differs between healthy individuals and kidney transplant patients. Viral composition may be influenced by immunosuppression and environmental factors.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Microbiome Research
- Transplant Immunology
Background:
- The human microbiome is crucial for health, influencing metabolism and pathogen defense.
- While the urinary tract harbors bacteria, the human urinary virome remains largely uncharacterized.
- Microbial dysbiosis is linked to various diseases, including kidney conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the human urinary virome in kidney transplant recipients and healthy controls.
- To investigate variations in urinary viral composition associated with kidney transplant outcomes.
- To identify novel viruses within the human urinary tract.
Main Methods:
- Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis of urine samples.
- Analysis of 142 kidney transplant patients and healthy controls from a biobank of 770 samples.
- Phenotype classification of kidney transplant patients: stable grafts, acute rejection, BK virus nephritis, chronic allograft nephropathy.
Main Results:
- Identification of 37 unique viruses in human urine samples.
- 29 of the identified viruses are reported in human urine for the first time.
- Significant differences observed in urinary virome composition between healthy individuals and kidney transplant patients.
- Potential impact of immunosuppression, diet, and environmental exposures on viral protein distribution.
Conclusions:
- The human urinary virome composition varies between health and kidney injury states.
- Kidney transplantation and associated factors may alter the urinary viral landscape.
- Further research is needed to understand the role of the urinary virome in kidney health and disease.
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