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Patient information leaflets for gastrointestinal endoscopy are too difficult for many to read, potentially invalidating consent. Improving the readability of these essential documents is crucial for patient understanding and ethical practice.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Medical Education
  • Health Literacy

Background:

  • Valid consent for gastrointestinal endoscopy is a legal and ethical requirement.
  • Patients often meet endoscopists for the first time on the day of their procedure.
  • Effective patient information leaflets (PILs) are essential for informed consent, requiring easy comprehension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the readability of patient information leaflets (PILs) used for gastrointestinal endoscopy.
  • To compare the readability of PILs against national literacy standards and recommendations.
  • To identify potential barriers to informed consent due to complex PIL language.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed PILs from 14 secondary care institutions and the British Society of Gastroenterology.
  • Utilized an online readability tool to calculate Flesch reading ease, Flesch-Kincaid grade, and SMOG scores.
  • Compared calculated readability scores against recommended national literacy standards.

Main Results:

  • Average Flesch reading ease score was 57.5 (below the recommended 60).
  • Average Flesch-Kincaid grade and SMOG scores indicated a reading age of 14-15 (above the recommended 11-12).
  • Significant institutional variation in readability was observed, with reading ages ranging from 13-17.

Conclusions:

  • All analyzed PILs exceeded the recommended reading age, posing a risk to informed consent.
  • In 'straight to test' endoscopy settings, complex PILs may invalidate patient consent.
  • PILs must be rewritten using accessible language to ensure patient comprehension and valid consent.