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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
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Natural and Artificial Concepts01:24

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In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural concepts are formed through direct or indirect experiences. For example, consider the concept of snow. If you live in a place with regular snowfall, such as Essex Junction, Vermont, you know snow through direct experiences. You’ve seen it fall, touched it, shoveled it, and played in it. You recognize its texture, appearance, and even its smell. In contrast, if you live on an island like Saint...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

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Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Transcorporal Artificial Urinary Sphincter Cuff Placement in a Case Requiring Revision for Urethral Atrophy
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[Artificial bowel sphincter ten years later].

J Hoch, R Škába, Z Jech

    Rozhledy V Chirurgii : Mesicnik Ceskoslovenske Chirurgicke Spolecnosti
    |May 5, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Artificial bowel sphincter implantation can improve fecal continence in patients with anorectal malformation. However, long-term functional success rates are moderate, with challenges in patient selection and device durability.

    Area of Science:

    • Colorectal Surgery
    • Pediatric Surgery
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Congenital anorectal malformation frequently causes fecal incontinence in pediatric and young adult populations.
    • Limited surgical options exist, with artificial bowel sphincter implantation being one approach.
    • The efficacy of artificial bowel sphincters for long-term fecal continence in this patient group requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the long-term efficacy of artificial bowel sphincter implantation for achieving fecal continence.
    • To assess the durability and reoperation rates of artificial bowel sphincters in patients with anorectal malformation.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of young adults with fecal incontinence secondary to anorectal malformation was studied.

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  • Patients who received an artificial bowel sphincter were followed annually for 10 years.
  • Outcomes included continence levels and the need for reoperation or explantation.

    • Main Results:

    • Of nine patients implanted, seven (78%) had a functional device after one year.
    • Four patients (44%) maintained a fully functional artificial bowel sphincter at the 10-year follow-up.
    • While continence improved for all, complete continence was not achieved; explantation occurred in some cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Artificial bowel sphincter implantation presents a potential treatment for fecal incontinence in anorectal malformation.
    • Accurate pre-operative assessment of malformation extent and perineal changes are critical for successful implantation.
    • Device durability and patient selection remain key challenges for long-term efficacy.