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Texting Older Sisters to Step: The TOSS Study.

Pamela G Bowen1, Olivio J Clay1, Loretta T Lee1

  • 1The University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA.

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Summary

This study developed text messages to encourage physical activity in older African American women. The messages were well-understood and found to be motivational, suggesting their potential for increasing activity levels in this demographic.

Keywords:
African AmericanTranstheoretical Modelolder womenphysical activitytext messages

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Health Communication

Background:

  • Older adults, particularly African American women, face unique challenges in maintaining physical activity.
  • Text messaging offers a scalable and accessible platform for health interventions.
  • Identifying culturally relevant and engaging content is crucial for intervention success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate the acceptability and motivational potential of text messages designed to increase physical activity.
  • To tailor interventions for older African American women in the contemplation stage of physical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Two-phase study involving focus groups with older African American women (Phase 1: n=12, mean age=71; Phase 2: n=9, mean age=67).
  • Content analysis of focus group data to identify key themes for message development.
  • Development of 31 text messages based on focus group input and national physical activity recommendations.
  • Descriptive statistics to assess message understanding, perceived motivation, and optimal length.

Main Results:

  • All participants (100%) understood the developed text messages.
  • A minimum of 78% of participants found the messages motivating for physical activity.
  • 67% of participants considered the message lengths to be perfect.
  • Six core categories emerged from the data, informing message content.

Conclusions:

  • Culturally relevant and concise text messages can be effectively developed for older African American women.
  • The developed messages demonstrated high understandability and motivational potential.
  • Text messaging interventions show promise for increasing physical activity in this specific population.