Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Whole Animal Perfusion Fixation for Rodents
Published on: July 30, 2012
Spinopelvic Fixation
Sean M Esmende1, Kalpit N Shah, Alan H Daniels
1From the Orthopedic Associates of Hartford and the Bone and Joint Institute at Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT (Dr. Esmende), and the Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI (Dr. Shah and Dr. Daniels).
Abstract:
Fixation at the lumbosacral junction continues to be a challenge for spine surgeons despite advances in spinal instrumentation techniques. The poor bone quality of the sacrum, the complex regional anatomy, and the tremendous biomechanical forces at the lumbosacral junction contribute to the high rates of instrumentation-related complications. Although many spinopelvic fixation techniques have been reported, only a few are still widely used because of the high complication rates associated with previous techniques. Spinopelvic fixation has numerous indications. Long-segment lumbar and thoracolumbar fusions to the sacrum are the most common scenarios in which instrumentation is extended to the pelvis. Surgeons performing complex spinal reconstruction should be familiar with the available techniques, including their potential risks and complications.
Related Concept Videos
Fixation and Sectioning
The simplest type of preparation is the wet mount, in which the specimen is placed in a drop of liquid on the slide. A liquid specimen can be directly deposited on the slide using a dropper. Solid specimens, such as skin scraping, can be placed on the slide before adding a drop of liquid to prepare the wet mount. Sometimes the liquid is simply water, but stains are often added...
Carbon-dioxide Fixation
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
C4 Pathway and CAM
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
The Nitrogen Cycle

