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Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

41.1K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
72.1K
Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

3.9K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

4.0K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Vertically Aligned and Continuous Nanoscale Ceramic-Polymer Interfaces in Composite Solid Polymer Electrolytes for

Xiaokun Zhang1,2, Jin Xie1, Feifei Shi1

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States.

Nano Letters
|May 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel composite solid electrolyte with aligned ceramic-polymer interfaces, enhancing ionic conductivity for safer lithium-ion batteries. It demonstrates fast ion transport and prevents dendrite growth in lithium-metal cells.

Keywords:
Lithium batteriesceramic−polymer interfacescomposite solid polymer electrolytesionic conductivityvertically aligned nanostructures

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Composite solid polymer electrolytes offer improved ionic conductivity and mechanical strength due to ceramic-polymer interactions.
  • Developing efficient solid electrolytes is crucial for advanced battery technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a composite solid electrolyte with densely packed, vertically aligned ceramic-polymer interfaces.
  • To investigate the ionic transport mechanisms and electrochemical performance of this novel material.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing surface-modified anodized aluminum oxide as a ceramic scaffold and poly(ethylene oxide) as the polymer matrix.
  • Experimental validation of fast Li+ transport along ceramic-polymer interfaces.
  • Predicting interfacial ionic conductivity at low temperatures.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an ionic conductivity of 5.82 × 10-4 S/cm at the electrode level.
  • Demonstrated interfacial ionic conductivity exceeding 10-3 S/cm at 0 °C.
  • The vertically aligned structure enabled stable cycling of Li-Li cells with minimal polarization and no dendrite penetration.

Conclusions:

  • The novel composite solid electrolyte exhibits superior ionic conductivity and mechanical hardness.
  • The vertically aligned interfacial structure is key to enabling dendrite-free lithium-metal battery operation.
  • This material holds significant promise for next-generation solid-state batteries.