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Trends in HIV Terminology: Text Mining and Data Visualization Assessment of International AIDS Conference Abstracts
Nicole Dancy-Scott1, Gale A Dutcher1, Alla Keselman1
1Division of Specialized Information Services, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States.
JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
|May 6, 2018
Summary
HIV terminology evolved significantly from 1989-2014, shifting from "AIDS epidemic" to "HIV epidemic" and adopting less stigmatizing language for affected individuals. This reflects advances in treatment and destigmatization efforts.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Medical Informatics
- Sociolinguistics
Background:
- Health-related language significantly influences health behaviors and outcomes.
- Quantitative studies on the evolution of HIV terminology over time are scarce.
- Analysis of International AIDS Conference (IAC) abstracts from 1989-2014 provides a 25-year perspective on the global HIV response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the changing landscape of HIV-related language used in abstracts presented at the IAC between 1989 and 2014.
- To identify trends and shifts in terminology reflecting scientific advancements and societal perceptions of HIV/AIDS.
Main Methods:
- Utilized text mining and data visualization on over 80,000 IAC abstracts (1989-2014).
- Processed abstracts using KNIME Analytics Platform to build a key HIV terminology corpus.
- Visualized term frequency trends using Tableau, analyzing line graphs and word clouds.
Main Results:
- Shift from "AIDS epidemic" (dominant 1989-1991) to "HIV epidemic" (increasing use through 2014).
- Emergence and rise of "treatment experienced" from mid-1990s; decline of stigmatizing terms like "carrier" or "victim" post-2008.
- Increased use of "men who have sex with men" (MSM) and "sex worker" terminology, while "prostitute" decreased.
Conclusions:
- HIV terminology has substantially evolved, reflecting progress in research, treatment, and destigmatization.
- Identified shifts include the rise of specific terms and the decline of outdated or offensive language.
- Recommendations for less stigmatizing terminology are provided to enhance communication and support affected populations.
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