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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Related Experiment Video

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Dynamic Quantitative Sensory Testing to Characterize Central Pain Processing
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Optogenetic exploration and modulation of pain processing.

Yu-Feng Xie1, Jing Wang2, Robert P Bonin1

  • 1Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Canada.

Experimental Neurology
|May 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Optogenetics offers new ways to study intractable pain by manipulating nerve cell activity. This review covers advances in using light to understand and control pain processing in the nervous system.

Keywords:
ChannelrhodopsinOpsinOptogeneticsPain

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pain Research
  • Optogenetics

Background:

  • Intractable pain is a leading cause of global disability, affecting over 20% of the population.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of chronic pain involves studying nociceptive processing in the peripheral and central nervous systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methodological advances in optogenetics for studying pain.
  • To discuss practical considerations for optogenetic modulation of nociceptive sensory processing.

Main Methods:

  • Adaptation of optogenetic approaches to study and manipulate sensory afferents and spinal cord neurons.
  • Investigating cortical processing and modulation of pain responses in freely behaving animals.

Main Results:

  • Rapid progress has been made in applying optogenetics to pain research.
  • Optogenetics allows for precise control and investigation of neural circuits involved in pain.

Conclusions:

  • Optogenetics is a powerful tool for deciphering the complexities of chronic pain.
  • Methodological advancements are enabling deeper insights into pain modulation and treatment strategies.