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Related Concept Videos

Observational Studies01:11

Observational Studies

11.1K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
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Naturalistic Observations02:30

Naturalistic Observations

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If you want to understand how behavior occurs, one of the best ways to gain information is to simply observe the behavior in its natural context. However, people might change their behavior in unexpected ways if they know they are being observed. How do researchers obtain accurate information when people tend to hide their natural behavior? As an example, imagine that your professor asks everyone in your class to raise their hand if they always wash their hands after using the restroom. Chances...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Actor-Observer Effect01:23

Actor-Observer Effect

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The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in...
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Data Collection by Observations01:08

Data Collection by Observations

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Data collection refers to a systematic way of obtaining, observing, measuring, and analyzing accurate information. Observational studies are one of the most widely used methods of data collection. It involves collecting data by observing the behavior and physical characteristics of a sample without making any modifications to the sample.
An astronomer viewing the motion and brightness of stars in the sky and recording the data is an example of observational data collection. A botanist recording...
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Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
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Compliance with a structured bedside handover protocol: An observational, multicentred study.

S Malfait1, K Eeckloo2, W Van Biesen2

  • 1Ghent University Hospital, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health - University Center for Nursing and Midwifery, Ghent University, Belgium.

International Journal of Nursing Studies
|May 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Bedside handover compliance was high (83.63%) when performed, but patient absence and staffing issues hindered execution. Further implementation should focus on standard procedures and patient involvement for effective nurse-to-nurse shift reports.

Keywords:
Bedside handoverHandover durationHospitalsImplementationIntervention complianceNursingObservations

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing Practice
  • Patient Safety
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Bedside handover, a nurse-to-nurse shift report at the patient's bedside, is increasingly adopted.
  • Limited evidence exists on its implementation process and compliance rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess compliance with a structured bedside handover protocol based on ISBARR.
  • To identify differences in compliance across various hospital wards.

Main Methods:

  • A multicentered observational study involving 638 unannounced observations of bedside handovers.
  • Data collected using a checklist one month post-implementation in 12 wards across seven hospitals.
  • Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multilevel analysis.

Main Results:

  • High average compliance (83.63%) with the structured bedside handover protocol was observed.
  • Patient identification, nurse introduction, hand hygiene, and patient involvement were frequently omitted.
  • Clinical information exchange items were omitted less frequently.

Conclusions:

  • Executing structured bedside handovers is feasible for nurses, with high compliance when performed.
  • Factors like length of stay, ward type, and care model had limited influence on compliance.
  • Future efforts should emphasize standard procedures, patient involvement, and address barriers like patient absence and staffing.