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Snap Chip for Cross-reactivity-free and Spotter-free Multiplexed Sandwich Immunoassays
Published on: November 13, 2017
Upconversion Cross-Correlation Spectroscopy of a Sandwich Immunoassay
Satu Lahtinen1, Stefan Krause2, Riikka Arppe2
1Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Medisiina D6, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520, Turku, Finland.
Abstract:
Fluorescence correlation and cross-correlation spectroscopy (FCS/FCCS) have enabled biologists to study processes of transport, binding, and enzymatic reactions in living cells. However, applying FCS and FCCS to samples such as whole blood and plasma is complicated as the fluorescence bursts of diffusing labels can be swamped by strong autofluorescence. Here we present cross-correlation spectroscopy based on two upconversion nanoparticles emitting at different wavelengths on the anti-Stokes side of a single excitation laser. This upconversion cross-correlation spectroscopy (UCCS) approach allows us to completely remove all Stokes shifted autofluorescence background in biological material such as plasma. As a proof of concept, we evaluate the applicability of UCCS to a homogeneous sandwich immunoassay for thyroid stimulating hormone measured in buffer solution and in plasma.
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