Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

C4 Pathway and CAM01:27

C4 Pathway and CAM

49.3K
Most plants use the C3 pathway for carbon fixation. However, some plants, such as sugar cane, corn, and cacti that grow in hot conditions, use alternative pathways to fix carbon and conserve energy loss due to photorespiration. Photorespiration is the process that occurs when the oxygen concentration is high. Under such conditions, the rubisco enzyme in the Calvin cycle binds O2 instead of CO2, which halts photosynthesis and consumes energy.
C4 Pathway
The C4 pathway is used by plants such as...
49.3K
Protection of Alcohols02:31

Protection of Alcohols

8.1K
This lesson delves into the concept of protection and deprotection of a functional group fundamental to synthetic organic chemistry. These phenomena are explained in the context of aliphatic and aromatic alcohols.
Protection
It defines a protecting group as the masking agent to make the more reactive species inert to a given set of conditions. This concept is depicted via the illustration of liquid flow through different outlets in an assembly of pipes. The analogy helps to understand the role...
8.1K
Zones of Protection01:16

Zones of Protection

812
In power systems, the entire setup is divided into protective zones to isolate faults and protect the rest of the network. These zones include generators, transformers, buses, transmission lines, distribution lines, and motors. Each zone can be visualized as a separate room in a house, with each room protected by its own circuit breaker.
Protective zones are defined by closed dashed lines, containing one or more components. A key characteristic of these zones is the strategic placement of...
812
Protecting Self-Esteem01:27

Protecting Self-Esteem

234
Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
234
Radial System Protection01:23

Radial System Protection

447
Radial systems employ time-delay overcurrent relays to reduce load interruptions. When a fault occurs, the nearest breaker opens first, while upstream breakers remain closed due to longer delay settings. This approach ensures minimal disruption to the rest of the system.
In a radial system with a fault downstream of the third breaker, ideally, only the third breaker will open, isolating the fault and interrupting the load connected beyond it. The second breaker has a longer delay setting,...
447
Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

Line Protection with Impedance Relays

462
Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
462

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Duodenal myoelectrical hyperactivity drives diabetic remission in rat models of type 2 diabetes.

Diabetologia·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Real-Time Impedance-based Cell Analyzer as a Tool to Delineate Molecular Pathways Involved in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection in a Neuronal Cell Line
08:23

Real-Time Impedance-based Cell Analyzer as a Tool to Delineate Molecular Pathways Involved in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection in a Neuronal Cell Line

Published on: August 9, 2014

11.8K

Berberine: Pathways to protect neurons.

Xiaorui Lin1, Nan Zhang2

  • 1Second Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang, 110122, PR China.

Phytotherapy Research : PTR
|May 8, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Berberine shows promise in protecting the nervous system by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Further research into its neuroprotective mechanisms could lead to new treatments for neurological disorders.

Keywords:
berberinemechanismneuroprotection

More Related Videos

Sex Stratified Neuronal Cultures to Study Ischemic Cell Death Pathways
10:44

Sex Stratified Neuronal Cultures to Study Ischemic Cell Death Pathways

Published on: December 9, 2013

12.6K
Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation
07:55

Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation

Published on: May 2, 2010

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Real-Time Impedance-based Cell Analyzer as a Tool to Delineate Molecular Pathways Involved in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection in a Neuronal Cell Line
08:23

Real-Time Impedance-based Cell Analyzer as a Tool to Delineate Molecular Pathways Involved in Neurotoxicity and Neuroprotection in a Neuronal Cell Line

Published on: August 9, 2014

11.8K
Sex Stratified Neuronal Cultures to Study Ischemic Cell Death Pathways
10:44

Sex Stratified Neuronal Cultures to Study Ischemic Cell Death Pathways

Published on: December 9, 2013

12.6K
Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation
07:55

Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation

Published on: May 2, 2010

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, is recognized for diverse pharmacological effects.
  • Current applications include diarrhea, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and tumors.
  • Neuroprotective research on berberine is limited, hindering clinical application and mechanistic understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the neuroprotective mechanisms of berberine.
  • To explore berberine's role in various neurological disease models.
  • To provide insights for clinical treatment of neurological disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on berberine's neuroprotective effects.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involved in berberine's action.
  • Examination of berberine's efficacy in models of brain ischemia, Alzheimer's disease, and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Main Results:

  • Berberine protects neurons via antiapoptotic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities.
  • Key pathways include Pl3K/Akt/Bcl-2, Nrf2/HO-1, and MAPK signaling.
  • Evidence suggests berberine's efficacy in preclinical neurological disease models.

Conclusions:

  • Berberine exhibits significant neuroprotective potential through multiple molecular pathways.
  • Understanding these mechanisms offers novel therapeutic strategies for neurological conditions.
  • Further investigation is warranted to fully elucidate berberine's benefits in nervous system disorders.