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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Whole Vitreous Humor Dissection for Vitreodynamic Analysis
Published on: May 24, 2015
Immune Profiling of T Cells Infiltrating Vitreous Humor in Tubercular Uveitis
Ravi Kumar Sharma1, Vishali Gupta1, Reema Bansal1
1a Department of Ophthalmology , Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Chandigarh , India.
Purpose:
To assess cellular composition and local cytokine response in vitreous humor of tubercular uveitis.
Methods:
Cells were collected from vitreous cassettes and peripheral blood of 8 tubercular uveitis and 5 control subjects, undergoing vitrectomy and analyzed by flow cytometry for cellular composition, activation status, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and uptake of TLR9 ligand, CpG ODN 2216.
Results:
CD3 + T cells with equal proportion of CD4+ and CD8 + T cells formed major fraction of infiltrating cells. The vitreous humor showed higher expression of recent activation marker, CD69, and proinflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-17A, in CD4 + T cells as compared to peripheral blood. Lastly, intraocular CD4 + T cells showed reduced uptake of ODN 2216 than peripheral blood.
Conclusions:
Our results indicate that local antigenic stimuli trigger T cell infiltration and activation of CD4 + T cells that are hyporesponsive to TLR9 stimulation. These infiltrating T cells might be responsible in further aggravating ocular inflammation.
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