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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Long-Term Neurodevelopmental and Respiratory Outcome after Intrauterine Therapy for Fetal Thoracic Abnormalities

Ruben S G M Witlox1, Enrico Lopriore1, Monique Rijken1

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
|May 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Fetal therapy for thoracic abnormalities shows a 15% rate of severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in children, necessitating further research. Long-term outcomes require careful monitoring and multicenter studies for better understanding.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Neonatal Outcomes

Background:

  • Fetal therapy is employed for thoracic abnormalities like congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and bronchopulmonary sequestration.
  • Evaluating long-term neurodevelopmental and respiratory outcomes is crucial for these treated fetuses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess neurodevelopmental, motor, cognitive, and respiratory outcomes in children treated with fetal therapy for thoracic abnormalities.
  • To evaluate behavioral outcomes using the Child Behavioral Checklist.

Main Methods:

  • Children aged ≥18 months underwent neurodevelopmental assessments.
  • Medical records were reviewed for respiratory outcomes.
  • Parental reports via Child Behavioral Checklist assessed behavior.

Main Results:

  • 64% perinatal survival was observed in 63 treated fetuses.
  • 15% of 26 children showed severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI).
  • 15% experienced severe respiratory sequelae; behavioral issues were within norms.

Conclusions:

  • Severe NDI occurred in 15% of this high-risk cohort, exceeding rates in other fetal therapy series.
  • Multicenter studies and registries are recommended for prospective data collection.
  • Long-term outcome data at fixed time points are essential.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronchopulmonary sequestrationCongenital cystic adenomatoid malformationDevelopmental outcomeFetal pleural effusionFetal therapyThoracoamniotic shunt

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