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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
Published on: November 6, 2017
Cerebral Microbleeds in Advanced Dementia: Clinical and Pathological Correlates
Inmaculada Boyano1, Ana Ramos2,3, Jorge López-Alvarez2,3
11 Móstoles University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Objective:
We conducted a longitudinal study to explore the clinical and pathological correlates of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in institutionalized patients with dementia.
Methods:
Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were extracted from 182 nursing home patients (mean age [standard deviation]: 81.3 [6.9], 78.0% female, and 83.4% moderate to severe dementia), which were divided according to the CMBs number and location. One-year follow-up data were obtained from 153 patients, and postmortem pathological diagnosis was available in 40 patients.
Results:
Cerebral microbleeds were observed in 42.9% of patients and were associated with MRI ischemic lesions ( P < .0005). In the adjusted analysis, lobar CMB predicted worsening of parkinsonism (standardized β: 0.43) and gait (standardized β: 0.24). A pathological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease was less frequent in the brains of patients with lobar and deep CMB (33.3% vs 85.3%; P < .05).
Conclusion:
Cerebral microbleeds were linked to cerebrovascular disease and predicted motor deterioration in institutionalized people with advanced dementia.
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