Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

1.3K
Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
1.3K
Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

37.5K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
37.5K
Virtual Work01:20

Virtual Work

1.4K
The principle of virtual work states that if a body is in static and dynamic equilibrium, then the sum of all the virtual work done by all external forces and couple moments for any given virtual displacement must be zero.
In static equilibrium, a body can experience an imaginary or virtual movement, such as displacement or rotation. The virtual work done by a force is equal to the dot product of force and virtual displacement in the direction of the force. When it comes to virtually rotating a...
1.4K
Trial and Error and Algorithm01:12

Trial and Error and Algorithm

429
A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
429
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

5.0K
Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
5.0K
Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

10.9K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

One-year longitudinal cohort study of chemosensory recovery and plasma biomarker dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 survivors.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Self-reported prospective memory after stroke.

Neuropsychological rehabilitation·2020
Same author

Bibliometric study of research productivity in occupational therapy and physical therapy/physiotherapy in four Western countries and five Asian countries/regions.

Australian occupational therapy journal·2019
Same author

Validation of the virtual-reality prospective memory test (Hong Kong Chinese version) for individuals with first-episode schizophrenia.

Neuropsychological rehabilitation·2016
Same author

Validation of the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (Hong Kong Chinese version) for people with stroke.

Neuropsychological rehabilitation·2015
Same author

Evaluation of a computer-assisted errorless learning-based memory training program for patients with early Alzheimer's disease in Hong Kong: a pilot study.

Clinical interventions in aging·2013

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Behavioral Training Procedures for Head-fixed Virtual Reality in Mice
06:27

Behavioral Training Procedures for Head-fixed Virtual Reality in Mice

Published on: September 6, 2024

2.4K

Virtual reality-based cognitive training for drug abusers: A randomised controlled trial.

David W K Man1

  • 1Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong.

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation
|May 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Virtual reality (VR) training improved attention and memory in young ketamine users. Both VR and traditional training enhanced vocational skills and self-efficacy, offering non-pharmacological cognitive enhancement strategies.

Keywords:
Cognitive enhancementKetamineRehabilitationVirtual realityWork

More Related Videos

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures
07:09

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures

Published on: August 29, 2018

13.3K
Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality
10:38

Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality

Published on: August 9, 2010

21.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Behavioral Training Procedures for Head-fixed Virtual Reality in Mice
06:27

Behavioral Training Procedures for Head-fixed Virtual Reality in Mice

Published on: September 6, 2024

2.4K
Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures
07:09

Virtual Reality Experiments with Physiological Measures

Published on: August 29, 2018

13.3K
Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality
10:38

Human Fear Conditioning Conducted in Full Immersion 3-Dimensional Virtual Reality

Published on: August 9, 2010

21.5K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Non-pharmacological interventions are crucial for cognitive enhancement in individuals with substance use disorders.
  • Ketamine use disorder (KUD) is associated with significant cognitive deficits, impacting daily functioning.
  • Virtual reality (VR) presents a novel modality for therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of VR-based cognitive training compared to traditional manual-based training and a control group.
  • To assess the impact of VR intervention on cognitive functions (attention, memory) and vocational outcomes in young ketamine users (KU).
  • To examine the long-term maintenance of treatment effects at 3- and 6-month follow-ups.

Main Methods:

  • Ninety young ketamine users (KU) were randomized into three groups: virtual reality group (VRG), tutor-administered group (TAG), and a wait-listed control group (CG).
  • Two training programs with identical content but different delivery modes (VR-based vs. manual-based) were implemented using a virtual boutique scenario.
  • Cognitive assessments included the Digit Vigilance Test, Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test, and Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test, alongside work-site and self-efficacy measures, with pre- and post-testing and follow-ups.

Main Results:

  • The VRG demonstrated significant improvements in attention and memory, with memory benefits sustained at the 3-month follow-up.
  • Both VRG and TAG showed significant enhancements in vocational skills and self-efficacy post-training, with effects maintained during follow-up.
  • The study highlights the potential of VR-based cognitive training to address cognitive impairments in KU.

Conclusions:

  • Virtual reality-based cognitive training is a promising non-pharmacological intervention for improving cognitive and vocational outcomes in young ketamine users.
  • VR interventions can effectively target attention and memory deficits associated with ketamine use.
  • The findings support the integration of VR technology in rehabilitation programs for substance use disorders.