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Dynamic switching enables efficient bacterial colonization in flow.

Anerudh Kannan1, Zhenbin Yang2, Minyoung Kevin Kim3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria use a dynamic switching process to colonize fluid flow networks, moving between surfaces and bulk flow. This mechanism enhances dispersal and biofilm formation, similar to processes in eukaryotic cells.

Keywords:
P. aeruginosabacterial dispersalbacterial mechanicsbiofilm organizationcolonization dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Bacteria inhabit fluid flow networks like vasculature and plant xylem.
  • Bacterial biofilms in flow are crucial in pathogenesis.
  • Mechanisms of bacterial spatial organization in flow remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the physical mechanisms governing bacterial spatial organization in fluid flow networks.
  • To characterize the cyclical process of bacterial colonization in flow.

Main Methods:

  • Observation of *P. aeruginosa* behavior in flow networks.
  • Development of a model describing bacterial movement dynamics.
  • Comparison of bacterial dynamic switching with eukaryotic cellular processes.

Main Results:

  • *P. aeruginosa* employs a cyclical 'dynamic switching' process for colonization.
  • This process involves surface attachment, upstream movement, detachment, and bulk flow movement.
  • Dynamic switching distributes bacterial subpopulations efficiently within flow networks.
  • The mathematical model for dynamic switching mirrors dynamic instability in microtubules.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic switching enables efficient exploration and colonization of flow networks by bacteria.
  • This process is fundamental to biofilm structure and bacterial dispersal.
  • Similar two-phase movement strategies are observed in eukaryotic and mammalian cells, suggesting a conserved mechanism for efficient dispersal.