Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Measurement of Maximum Isometric Force Generated by Permeabilized Skeletal Muscle Fibers
Published on: June 16, 2015
Relationship between Isometric Muscle Force and Fractal Dimension of Surface Electromyogram
Matteo Beretta-Piccoli1,2, Gennaro Boccia3,4, Tessa Ponti1
1Rehabilitation Research Laboratory 2rLab, Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland, Manno, Switzerland.
Abstract:
The relationship between fractal dimension of the surface electromyogram (sEMG) and the intensity of muscle contraction is still controversial in simulated and experimental conditions. To support the use of fractal analysis to investigate myoelectric fatigue, it is crucial to establish the interdependence between fractal dimension and muscle contraction intensity. We analyzed the behavior of fractal dimension, conduction velocity, mean frequency, and average rectified value in twenty-eight volunteers at nine levels of isometric force. sEMG was obtained using bidimensional arrays in the biceps brachii muscle. The values of fractal dimension and mean frequency increased with force unless a plateau was reached at 30% maximal voluntary contraction. Overall, our findings suggest that, above a certain level of force, the use of fractal dimension to evaluate the myoelectric manifestations of fatigue may be considered, regardless of muscle contraction intensity.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while...
Force and Potential Energy in Three Dimensions
Force and Potential Energy in One Dimension
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface
Relationship Formation

