Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Comparing the Affinity of GTPase-binding Proteins using Competition Assays
Published on: October 8, 2015
Growing Reinsurance Payments Weaken Competitive Bidding in Medicare Part D
1Department of Health Policy and Administration, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA.
Objectives:
To examine variation in risk-adjusted reinsurance payments across Part D plans, analyze its implications for the program, and explore options to reduce reinsurance payments.
Data/Study Design:
2007-2015 Part D Plan Payment and Premium data; 2010-2013 Part D Prescription Drug Event data; and 2013 Part D Plan Formulary Files.
Principal Findings:
Risk-adjusted reinsurance payments varied widely across plans at a given out-of-pocket (OOP) premium. The variance in risk-adjusted reinsurance in common OOP premium ranges increased between 2010 and 2015. High risk-adjusted reinsurance payments were negatively correlated with use of utilization management tools for high-cost drugs.
Conclusions:
Growing reinsurance payments shrink plans' liability for managing drug spending for high-cost enrollees, creating plan moral hazard, and making OOP premiums a noisy signal of plans' total costs.
Related Concept Videos
Competition
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacokinetics
Instead, they are transported by the blood to different tissues. Muscles with a greater blood supply (arteries) and blood flow receive more...
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Mechanism of Action
Competitive antagonists prevent acetylcholine from binding to its receptor, inhibiting membrane depolarization. Without conformational changes or intrinsic...
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacological Actions
Although all competitive neuromuscular blockers are designed...
Population Growth
Long-term Depression

