[Difference in nitrogen accumulation and translocation between semi-winterness and springness wheat.]

Area of Science:

• Agronomy
• Plant Physiology
• Crop Science

Background:

• Wheat cultivation is crucial for global food security.
• Understanding nitrogen dynamics in different wheat types is key for optimizing yield.
• Jiangsu province primarily grows semi-winter and spring wheat cultivars.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate differences in nitrogen accumulation, translocation, and allocation between semi-winter and spring wheat cultivars.
• To identify cultivar-specific variations in nitrogen use efficiency.
• To provide insights for improving nitrogen fertilizer management in wheat.

Main Methods:

• Field experiment comparing six semi-winter and nine spring wheat cultivars.
• Controlled nitrogen fertilization rates.
• Measurement of nitrogen accumulation amount (NAA), total nitrogen translocation amount (TNTA), nitrogen accumulation amount to grains after anthesis (NAAA), total nitrogen translocation efficiency (NTE), accumulated nitrogen proportion (ANCP), and translocated nitrogen proportion (TNCP).

Main Results:

• Semi-winter wheat cultivars exhibited higher NAA from booting to maturity and higher NAAA and TNTA compared to spring wheat cultivars.
• No significant differences in NTE, ANCP, and TNCP between the two types.
• Significant variations in nitrogen metabolism were observed among cultivars within the same type.
• Semi-winter wheat showed lower leaf nitrogen translocation but higher stem and sheath nitrogen translocation.

Conclusions:

• Semi-winter wheat cultivars possess distinct nitrogen accumulation and translocation patterns favoring grain filling.
• Significant genotypic variability exists, suggesting potential for breeding improved nitrogen use efficiency.
• Tailored nitrogen fertilization strategies based on wheat type and developmental stage are recommended for enhanced nitrogen utilization.