Highly Efficient and Fully Solution-Processed Inverted Light-Emitting Diodes with Charge Control Interlayers
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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Step-by-Step Guide for Harnessing Organic Light Emitting Diodes by Solution Processed Device Fabrication of a TADF Emitter
Published on: November 7, 2025
Yan Fu1, Wei Jiang, Daekyoung Kim
1College of Materials Science and Engineering , Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology , Jilin 132022 , P. R. China.
Abstract:
In this work, we developed a charge control sandwich structure around QD layers for the inverted QLEDs, the performance of which is shown to exceed that of the conventional QLEDs in terms of the external quantum efficiency (EQE) and the current efficiency (CE). The QD light-emitting layer (EML) is sandwiched with two ultrathin interfacial layers: one is a poly(9-vinlycarbazole) (PVK) layer to prevent excess electrons, and the other is a polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) layer to reduce the hole injection barrier. The sandwich structure resolves the imbalance between injected holes and electrons and brings the level of balanced charge carriers to a maximum. We demonstrated the highly improved performance of 89.8 cd/A of current efficiency, 22.4% of external quantum efficiency, and 72 814 cd m-2 of maximum brightness with the solution-processed inverted QLED. This sandwich structure (PVK/QD/PEIE), as a framework, can be applied to various QLED devices for enhancing performance.
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