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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Healthcare Systems

Background:

  • Increasing demand for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, driven by the opioid epidemic and legislative mandates, outpaces treatment availability.
  • The treatment referral process is a significant barrier to accessing timely and effective SUD care.
  • Understanding challenges from both referral sources and treatment facilities is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze key barriers within the substance use disorder treatment referral process.
  • To examine difficulties faced by healthcare providers and SUD facilities in the referral and intake procedures.
  • To propose solutions for improving the referral system.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative study involving interviews with 59 stakeholders.
  • Interviewees included administrative officials, physicians (emergency department and addiction), government officials, providers, insurance officials, and mental health advocates.
  • Focus on referral protocols, provider challenges, and facility intake issues.

Main Results:

  • Key barriers identified include challenges in determining patient eligibility for treatment.
  • Lack of transparency regarding treatment facility capacity and communication issues between referral sources and recipients were significant problems.
  • Limited knowledge and understanding of available treatment options by referral sources also pose a barrier.

Conclusions:

  • Gaps in the current referral process lead to significant delays in patient care.
  • Addressing identified barriers through system improvements and expanding treatment options is necessary.
  • Enhanced communication, transparency, and provider education are essential for improving access to substance use disorder treatment.