Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Maturation of Endosomes01:28

Maturation of Endosomes

5.9K
The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...
5.9K
Bacterial Protein Maturation01:26

Bacterial Protein Maturation

588
Bacterial protein maturation is a tightly regulated process that ensures newly synthesized polypeptides achieve correct functional conformations. This maturation involves a series of modifications, folding events, and quality control steps, often assisted by specialized chaperone proteins.N-Terminal ModificationsThe maturation of bacterial polypeptides begins cotranslationally as the polypeptide exits the ribosome. The first amino acid, N-formylmethionine (fMet), is typically modified at the...
588
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

2.6K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
2.6K
Fruit Development, Structure, and Function01:58

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

25.4K
Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
25.4K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

10.6K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.6K
Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype01:26

Adrenergic Receptors: β Subtype

3.9K
β-adrenoceptors have varied sensitivities towards adrenaline, noradrenaline, and isoprenaline. The order of agonist potency is as follows:
Isoprenaline > Adrenaline > Noradrenaline
Neurotransmitter binding to these receptors causes activation of adenylyl cyclase resulting in increased concentrations of cAMP and modulation of calcium ion channels within the cell. They are further classified into β1, β2, and β3 subtypes.
β1-adrenoceptors: β1-adrenoceptors...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stromal and Neuronal Sources of Slit2/3 Ligands in the Adult Pancreas Exhibit Distinct Expression Patterns Independent of Robo2 Receptor Expression in the Islet.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Genome-wide cell type-specific and sex-specific transcriptional dysregulation in the islet of Langerhans underlies islet dysfunction in Down syndrome-related diabetes.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

The RNA-binding protein CPEB1 marks healthy adult β cells in mice but is dispensable for β cell identity and function.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

Islet architecture in adult mice is actively maintained by Robo2 expression in β cells.

Developmental biology·2023
Same author

Disrupted glucose homeostasis and glucagon and insulin secretion defects in Robo βKO mice.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·2023
Same author

Axon Guidance Molecules in the Islets of Langerhans.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2022
Same journal

AXIN1 and AXIN2 regulate the WNT-signaling landscape to promote distinct mesoderm programs.

Developmental cell·2026
Same journal

ARID1A terminates gastric regeneration to prevent cancer.

Developmental cell·2026
Same journal

Myc sustains sex-biased organ zonation in the Drosophila intestine.

Developmental cell·2026
Same journal

Two parallel neuronal circuits involving electrical synapse and DAF-7/TGF-β signaling regulate muscle autophagy in C. elegans.

Developmental cell·2026
Same journal

Menstruation: Once unspoken but now uncovered, one cell type at a time.

Developmental cell·2026
Same journal

The ALS- and FTD-associated proteins annexin A11 and CHMP2B act sequentially in plasma membrane repair.

Developmental cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Functional Manipulation of Maternal Gene Products Using In Vitro Oocyte Maturation in Zebrafish
10:39

Functional Manipulation of Maternal Gene Products Using In Vitro Oocyte Maturation in Zebrafish

Published on: April 22, 2017

11.8K

Synaptotagmins Tweak Functional β Cell Maturation.

Jennifer M Gilbert1, Barak Blum1

  • 1Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.

Developmental Cell
|May 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Beta cell maturation increases the glucose threshold for insulin secretion. This occurs through a balance between calcium-sensitive synaptotagmin 7 and calcium-insensitive synaptotagmin 4.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation
07:52

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

15.4K
Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
06:09

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes

Published on: June 22, 2016

24.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Functional Manipulation of Maternal Gene Products Using In Vitro Oocyte Maturation in Zebrafish
10:39

Functional Manipulation of Maternal Gene Products Using In Vitro Oocyte Maturation in Zebrafish

Published on: April 22, 2017

11.8K
Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation
07:52

Analysis of Pulmonary Dendritic Cell Maturation and Migration during Allergic Airway Inflammation

Published on: July 23, 2012

15.4K
Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes
06:09

Generation of Immature, Mature and Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells with Differing Metabolic Phenotypes

Published on: June 22, 2016

24.0K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Immature beta cells release insulin at lower glucose levels than mature cells.
  • Beta cell maturation is crucial for regulating blood glucose homeostasis.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms of beta cell maturation is essential for diabetes research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the increase in glucose threshold during beta cell maturation.
  • To investigate the roles of specific synaptotagmin proteins in regulating insulin secretion dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of synaptotagmin 7 and synaptotagmin 4 expression and function during beta cell development.
  • Assessment of calcium sensitivity and insulin secretion in beta cells with varying synaptotagmin levels.

Main Results:

  • Beta cell maturation involves a shift in insulin secretion regulation.
  • The balance between calcium-sensitive synaptotagmin 7 and calcium-insensitive synaptotagmin 4 dictates the glucose threshold for insulin release.
  • Synaptotagmin 7 promotes insulin secretion at lower glucose concentrations, while synaptotagmin 4 is involved at higher thresholds.

Conclusions:

  • The differential expression and function of synaptotagmins are key determinants of beta cell glucose sensing.
  • This molecular balance ensures appropriate insulin release according to blood glucose levels during beta cell maturation.
  • Findings provide insights into potential therapeutic targets for modulating insulin secretion in metabolic diseases.