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The association between MTHFR polymorphism and cervical cancer.

Jiao-Mei Gong1, Yong Shen2, Wan-Wan Shan3

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Certain gene variations, including MTHFR A1298C and MTRR A66G, are linked to increased cervical cancer risk. Lower serum folic acid levels also correlate with higher cervical cancer risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Oncology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Cervical cancer is a significant global health concern.
  • Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) are key enzymes in folate metabolism.
  • Folate metabolism plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and repair, potentially influencing cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between MTHFR and MTRR gene polymorphisms and cervical cancer risk.
  • To examine the relationship between serum folic acid levels and the risk of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analysis of MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) polymorphisms in 372 women.
  • Assessment of serum folic acid levels.
  • Statistical comparison of allele frequencies and folate levels between cancer patients and normal controls.

Main Results:

  • The MTHFR A1298C mutant G allele and MTRR A66G mutant G allele were significantly more prevalent in the cervical cancer group.
  • Serum folic acid levels decreased progressively with the severity of cervical lesions.
  • Significantly elevated cervical cancer risk was associated with serum folate levels of 4-9 ng/ml and ≤4 ng/ml.
  • MTHFR C677T polymorphism showed no significant association with cervical cancer or CIN risk.
  • MTHFR A1298C polymorphism was linked to an increased risk of both cervical cancer and CIN.
  • MTRR A66G polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer, but not CIN.

Conclusions:

  • MTHFR A1298C and MTRR A66G polymorphisms are potential risk factors for cervical cancer.
  • Low serum folic acid levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer.
  • MTHFR A1298C may play a role in the development of both cervical cancer and CIN, while MTRR A66G is specifically linked to cervical cancer.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms and clinical implications of these genetic and nutritional factors in cervical carcinogenesis.