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Nematic colloidal knots in topological environments.

S Masoomeh Hashemi1, Miha Ravnik

  • 1Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Jadranska 19, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia. hashemy.m@gmail.com.

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Summary
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The topology of the environment significantly influences the formation of complex nematic fields and defect structures in colloidal systems. Different topological environments lead to diverse nematic knotted and linked fields with unique defect formations.

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Area of Science:

  • Colloid Science
  • Materials Science
  • Topology

Background:

  • The influence of environmental topology on material properties, particularly those with non-trivial topology, remains underexplored.
  • Understanding this coupling is crucial for designing advanced materials and predicting their behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the topology of the surrounding environment affects the formation of complex nematic fields and defect structures.
  • To explore the role of topological environments in nematic colloidal knot systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing spherical surface-patterned nematic cavities with varying topological profiles (radial, uniform, hyperbolic) around knotted colloidal particles.
  • Analyzing the resulting colloidal field structure and topological defect formation.

Main Results:

  • Topologically distinct nematic environments significantly alter colloidal field structures, affecting defect location, profile, and number.
  • Knotted colloidal particles within specific topological environments create diverse nematic knotted and linked fields.
  • Formation of topological defect knots and links, as well as solitonic structures, stabilized in achiral nematic media.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental topology is a critical factor in dictating the complexity of nematic fields and defect structures in colloidal systems.
  • The shape of colloidal particles, combined with environmental topology, can stabilize exotic field configurations like knots and links.
  • This work advances the understanding of topological influences on elastic field responses and defect formation in liquid crystal colloids.