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White matter tract network disruption explains reduced conscientiousness in multiple sclerosis.

Tom A Fuchs1,2, Michael G Dwyer1,2, Amy Kuceyeski3

  • 1Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York (SUNY), Buffalo, New York.

Human Brain Mapping
|May 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Multiple sclerosis patients show decreased Conscientiousness linked to white matter (WM) tract disruption in frontal and fronto-parietal networks. This WM damage uniquely explains personality changes in people with MS (PwMS).

Keywords:
lesionneuropsychologypathologypersonalitystructural connectivitywhite matter

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting white matter (WM) tracts.
  • People with MS (PwMS) often exhibit personality changes, notably reduced Conscientiousness.
  • Conscientiousness deficits impact disease progression and functional outcomes in PwMS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between white matter (WM) tract disruption and decreased Conscientiousness in PwMS.
  • To identify specific structural brain networks associated with reduced Conscientiousness.
  • To determine if WM tract disruption explains unique variance in Conscientiousness beyond conventional MRI and cognitive measures.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired brain MRI and personality assessments from 133 PwMS and 49 healthy controls (HC).
  • Utilized lesion mapping to quantify WM tract disruption between gray matter regions.
  • Applied Network-Based Statistics to identify structural networks correlating with Conscientiousness and regression models to assess unique variance.

Main Results:

  • PwMS demonstrated lower Conscientiousness and slower cognitive processing speed compared to HCs.
  • Reduced Conscientiousness in PwMS was significantly associated with WM tract disruption in left and right frontal, frontal-parietal, and frontal-cingulate pathways.
  • Disruption in these identified pathways explained unique variance in Conscientiousness, independent of conventional MRI pathology and cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Damage to WM tracts connecting frontal, frontal-parietal, and frontal-cingulate regions is strongly correlated with reduced Conscientiousness in PwMS.
  • Structural network disruption within these specific pathways contributes significantly to the observed personality alterations in PwMS.
  • Quantifying WM tract integrity offers a novel approach to understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of personality changes in multiple sclerosis.