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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
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Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

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A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides02:23

Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

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Ethers represent a class of chemical compounds that become more dangerous with prolonged storage because they tend to form explosive peroxides when standing in the air. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly oxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides.
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Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect02:35

Regioselectivity of Electrophilic Additions-Peroxide Effect

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In the presence of organic peroxides, the addition of hydrogen bromide to an alkene yields the isomer that is not predicted by Markovnikov’s rule. For example, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 2-methylpropene in the presence of peroxides gives 1-bromo-2-methylpropane. This addition reaction proceeds via a free radical mechanism, which reverses the regioselectivity. The free radical reaction mechanism involves three stages: initiation, propagation, and termination.
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Fast Fourier Transform01:10

Fast Fourier Transform

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The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is a computational algorithm designed to compute the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) efficiently. By breaking down the calculations into smaller, manageable sections, the FFT significantly reduces the computational complexity involved. Direct computation of an N-point DFT requires N2 complex multiplications, whereas the FFT algorithm needs only (N/2)log⁡2N multiplications, offering a much faster performance.
The computational efficiency of the FFT becomes...
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Reversible and Irreversible Processes01:14

Reversible and Irreversible Processes

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The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
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Simultaneous Measurement of Superoxide/Hydrogen Peroxide and NADH Production by Flavin-containing Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases
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Fully Reversible Optical Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide with Fast Response.

Longjiang Ding1, Siyu Chen1, Wei Zhang1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 200433 Shanghai , People's Republic of China.

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|May 10, 2018
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Summary

A novel optical sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection uses platinum nanoparticles within a silica KCC-1 matrix. This sensor offers fast, reversible measurements for industrial applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a crucial analyte in various industrial and biomedical applications.
  • Accurate and rapid detection of H2O2 is essential for process control and diagnostics.
  • Existing H2O2 sensors often face limitations in response time, reversibility, or sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a fully reversible optical sensor for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) with a fast response time.
  • To utilize ultrasmall platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) immobilized within a KCC-1 silica matrix for H2O2 sensing.
  • To integrate the PtNPs/KCC-1 nanocomposite into a hydrogel matrix for a practical sensor layer.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a nanocomposite by in situ growth of ultrasmall PtNPs within KCC-1 pores.
  • Embedding the nanocomposite into a hydrogel matrix to create the sensor layer.
  • Utilizing catalytic conversion of H2O2 to O2 by PtNPs and measuring O2 via luminescence quenching.

Main Results:

  • The sensor demonstrated a fast response time of less than 1 minute and full reversibility.
  • The measurement range for H2O2 was from 1.0 μM to 10.0 mM.
  • The sensor required a minimal sample volume of 200 μL.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical sensor exhibits high stability, excellent reversibility, and selectivity for H2O2 detection.
  • The sensor's rapid response and broad measurement range meet industry requirements for real-time monitoring.
  • This technology has the potential to fill a market vacancy for advanced H2O2 sensing solutions.