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Related Concept Videos

Sound Intensity00:58

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The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the...
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Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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The energy transport per unit area per unit time, or the Poynting vector, gives the energy flux of an electromagnetic wave at any specific time. For a plane electromagnetic wave with E0 and B0 as the peak electric and magnetic fields and traveling along the x-axis, the time-varying energy flux can be given by the following equation:
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma FAST Exam: Image Acquisition
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High-Intensity Bowel Protocol for Trauma Patients.

Anita Smith1, Christopher Stimson, Penelope Stevens

  • 1Trauma Services, Sparrow Hospital, Lansing, Michigan.

Journal of Trauma Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Trauma Nurses
|May 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A high-intensity bowel protocol improved bowel movement frequency in trauma patients with opioid use, averaging one bowel movement every two days compared to every three days with standard care. Length of stay was not significantly affected.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Opioid use in trauma patients is associated with increased constipation and extended hospital length of stay (LOS).
  • Standard bowel protocols may be insufficient for managing constipation in this patient population.
  • Evaluating enhanced bowel regimens is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effectiveness of a high-intensity bowel protocol versus a standard bowel protocol in trauma patients with opioid use.
  • To assess the impact on the number of hospital days with a bowel movement (BM).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a Level I trauma center registry.
  • Inclusion criteria: traumatic injury, hospital admission, LOS ≥ 3 days.
  • Comparison of high-intensity (n=116) versus standard (n=166) bowel protocols, analyzing BM frequency, age, gender, ISS, and morphine equivalents (ME).

Main Results:

  • The high-intensity bowel protocol group had significantly more hospital days with a BM (p < .05).
  • High-intensity protocol averaged 1 BM every 2 days; standard protocol averaged 1 BM every 3 days.
  • No significant differences in age, gender, ISS, or ME per day between groups.

Conclusions:

  • A high-intensity bowel protocol significantly increases bowel movement frequency in trauma patients with opioid use.
  • This protocol can be implemented without significantly altering length of stay.
  • Optimizing bowel management is key for trauma patient care.