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Updated: Feb 10, 2026
In vitro tRNA Methylation Assay with the Entamoeba histolytica DNA and tRNA Methyltransferase Dnmt2 Ehmeth Enzyme
Published on: October 19, 2010
The dysregulation of tRNAs and tRNA derivatives in cancer
Shi-Qiong Huang1,2, Bao Sun1,2, Zong-Ping Xiong1,2
1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs), traditionally considered to participate in protein translation, were interspersed in the entire genome. Recent studies suggested that dysregulation was observed in not only tRNAs, but also tRNA derivatives generated by the specific cleavage of pre- and mature tRNAs in the progression of cancer. Accumulating evidence had identified that certain tRNAs and tRNA derivatives were involved in proliferation, metastasis and invasiveness of cancer cell, as well as tumor growth and angiogenesis in several malignant human tumors. This paper reviews the importance of the dysregulation of tRNAs and tRNA derivatives during the development of cancer, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma, aiming at a better understanding of the tumorigenesis and providing new ideas for the treatment of these cancers.
Insights
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and their derivatives are increasingly linked to cancer development. Dysregulation of these molecules plays a role in tumor progression and may offer new therapeutic targets.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Genetics
Background:
- Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are essential for protein translation.
- Recent research indicates tRNA and tRNA-derived fragment dysregulation in cancer progression.
- These molecules are implicated in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of tRNA and tRNA derivative dysregulation in cancer development.
- To highlight the involvement of tRNAs in breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma.
- To provide insights into tumorigenesis and potential cancer treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on tRNAs and cancer.
- Analysis of evidence linking tRNA dysregulation to cancer hallmarks.
- Synthesis of information on tRNA involvement in specific cancer types.
Main Results:
- Dysregulation of tRNAs and their derivatives is a common feature in various cancers.
- Specific tRNAs and their fragments contribute to cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.
- tRNA involvement extends to tumor growth and angiogenesis.
Conclusions:
- tRNA and tRNA derivative dysregulation is crucial in cancer development.
- Understanding these roles can enhance our knowledge of tumorigenesis.
- Targeting tRNAs and their derivatives presents novel therapeutic opportunities for cancer treatment.
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