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Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Oral Biofilm Formation on Different Materials for Dental Implants
Published on: June 24, 2018
A review of nanostructured surfaces and materials for dental implants: surface coating, patterning and
Rahimeh Rasouli1, Ahmed Barhoum, Hasan Uludag
1Department of Medical Nanotechnology, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. r-rasouli@razi.tums.ac.ir.
Abstract:
The emerging field of nanostructured implants has enormous scope in the areas of medical science and dental implants. Surface nanofeatures provide significant potential solutions to medical problems by the introduction of better biomaterials, improved implant design, and surface engineering techniques such as coating, patterning, functionalization and molecular grafting at the nanoscale. This review is of an interdisciplinary nature, addressing the history and development of dental implants and the emerging area of nanotechnology in dental implants. After a brief introduction to nanotechnology in dental implants and the main classes of dental implants, an overview of different types of nanomaterials (i.e. metals, metal oxides, ceramics, polymers and hydrides) used in dental implant together with their unique properties, the influence of elemental compositions, and surface morphologies and possible applications are presented from a chemical point of view. In the core of this review, the dental implant materials, physical and chemical fabrication techniques and the role of nanotechnology in achieving ideal dental implants have been discussed. Finally, the critical parameters in dental implant design and available data on the current dental implant surfaces that use nanotopography in clinical dentistry have been discussed.
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