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Three-dimensional flows in a hyperelastic vessel under external pressure.

Sen Zhang1, Xiaoyu Luo2, Zongxi Cai1

  • 1Department of Mechanics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.

Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|May 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study models collapsible vessels with viscous flows, revealing complex patterns and energy dissipation under external pressure. Findings advance realistic modeling of physiological flows in arteries and veins.

Keywords:
ALECollapsible tube flowEnergy dissipationFlow separationFluid–structure interactionFrontal methodHyperelasticityIncompressibilityMethod of spinesMode-3 bifurcationVortices

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Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Biomechanics
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Collapsible vessels are crucial in physiology, yet their behavior under external pressure and viscous flow remains complex.
  • Understanding fluid-structure interaction in these vessels is key for applications in cardiovascular and venous systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel computational approach for simulating fluid-structure interaction in collapsible vessels.
  • To investigate the influence of hyperelastic material models on vessel collapse behavior.
  • To analyze complex flow patterns, energy dissipation, and buckling modes in collapsible tubes.

Main Methods:

  • A novel Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method coupled with a frontal solver was developed for fluid-structure interaction.
  • The method of rotating spines was employed for automatic mesh adaptation.
  • Numerical code was rigorously verified against published results and commercial software (ANSYS, FLUENT).

Main Results:

  • Different hyperelastic material models show similar results at small strains but diverge significantly at large strains.
  • Mode-3 buckling reveals complex flow patterns, with energy dissipation linked to boundary layers and recirculation zones.
  • Bifurcation diagrams indicate multiple flow solutions exist for various Reynolds numbers in mode-2 and mode-3 collapses.

Conclusions:

  • The developed computational method accurately simulates collapsible vessel behavior under external pressure.
  • Material properties significantly influence large-strain collapse, impacting flow dynamics.
  • This research provides a foundation for more accurate modeling of physiological flows in collapsible biological vessels.