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Biochemical markers of cardiac dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)

Daniel Hirsch1, Carla A Evans2, Melanie Wong3

  • 1School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.

Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
|May 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) show higher IL-6 levels. Inflammatory markers (IL-8, IFN-γ) and sympathetic markers (metanephrine, normetanephrine) correlate with cardiac function during exercise in children with OSA.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is increasingly recognized in children, often co-existing with obesity.
  • Cardiac function during exercise may be affected by OSA and associated physiological changes.
  • Biochemical markers of inflammation and sympathetic nervous system activity are potential indicators of these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between serum biochemical markers and cardiac responses during exercise in children with and without OSA.
  • To test the hypothesis that markers of sympathetic activity and inflammation correlate with cardiac responses to exercise in children, irrespective of OSA status.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of serum cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ), serum amyloid A (SAA), and metanephrine/normetanephrine in 40 children.
  • Comparison of biomarker levels and cardiac parameters (e.g., heart rate response, stroke volume index) between children with and without OSA, and with and without obesity.
  • Linear regression analysis to explore relationships between biomarkers and cardiac function during exercise, adjusting for OSA.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSA (n=23) exhibited higher resting serum IL-6 levels compared to those without OSA (n=17).
  • Adjusting for OSA, IL-8 and IFN-γ negatively correlated with heart rate response and stroke volume index, respectively.
  • Metanephrine and normetanephrine positively correlated with stroke volume index and cardiac index during exercise, independent of OSA.

Conclusions:

  • Children with OSA demonstrate elevated morning serum IL-6 levels.
  • Specific inflammatory markers (IFN-γ, IL-8) and sympathetic markers (metanephrine, normetanephrine) are associated with altered cardiac function during exercise in children.
  • These findings highlight potential biochemical targets for understanding and managing cardiovascular implications of OSA in pediatric populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
Biochemical markersCardiac responsesCardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET)Obstructive sleep apnoea

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