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Gabapentin as an Adjunct to Standard Postoperative Pain Management Protocol in Lower Extremity Surgery
P Andrew Crisologo1, Erik K Monson2, Said A Atway3
1Fellow, Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
Summary
Gabapentin significantly reduces postoperative pain and opioid use in lower extremity orthopedic surgery. This finding supports its use as a non-opiate adjunctive pain medication, addressing concerns about opioid dependence.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Pain Management
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Postoperative pain is a significant clinical challenge.
- Current pain management often relies on opioids, raising concerns about abuse.
- Gabapentinoids show promise as non-opiate alternatives for pain relief.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of gabapentin as an adjunctive pain medication in lower extremity orthopedic surgery.
- To assess the impact of gabapentin on postoperative pain and opioid consumption.
- To address the gap in research regarding gabapentinoids in foot and ankle surgery.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on gabapentin in orthopedic surgery.
- Exclusion of studies on chronic pain, non-orthopedic surgery, hip procedures, pregabalin-only studies, and cancer pain.
- Analysis of data from included studies evaluating perioperative gabapentin administration.
Main Results:
- Gabapentin administration was associated with a statistically significant reduction in postoperative pain.
- Perioperative gabapentin use led to decreased opioid consumption.
- No studies specifically addressed foot or ankle surgery within the lower extremity orthopedic scope.
Conclusions:
- Gabapentin is a promising adjunctive medication for managing postoperative pain in lower extremity orthopedic surgery.
- Preoperative administration of gabapentin can effectively reduce pain and opioid dependence.
- Further research is warranted, particularly in foot and ankle procedures.
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