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Selenium metabolism in plants.

Philip J White1

  • 1Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK; Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. General Subjects
|May 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selenium (Se) is not essential for plants but can aid survival. Plant species differ in Se accumulation and detoxification, influencing their ability to colonize selenium-rich soils.

Keywords:
EcologyEvolutionMetabolismNitrogenSeleniumSulfur

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Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Environmental science
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Selenium (Se) is not an essential element for plants, but can enhance growth and survival in certain environments.
  • Excessive Se concentrations in plant tissues can be toxic.
  • Plant adaptations like vacuolar sequestration, non-toxic metabolite synthesis, and volatilization determine Se tolerance and colonization of seleniferous soils.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify plant species based on Se accumulation and soil colonization abilities.
  • To review current knowledge on Se uptake, translocation, metabolism, and detoxification in plants.
  • To present a hypothesis on the evolution of seleniferous flora.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and classification of plant species.
  • Analysis of Se uptake, transport, and metabolism pathways.
  • Examination of Se effects on sulfur and nitrogen metabolism.
  • Review of Se detoxification mechanisms in plants.

Main Results:

  • Plant species exhibit varying capacities for Se accumulation and soil colonization.
  • Most plant species show similar Se/S quotients, but Se-hyperaccumulators have significantly higher quotients.
  • Secondary Se metabolism is crucial in differentiating tissue Se concentrations among species.
  • Alliums and brassicas accumulate high Se concentrations, while hyperaccumulation results from effective Se detoxification.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in Se metabolism dictate maximum tissue Se concentrations.
  • This is vital for Se transfer to herbivore diets and plant adaptation to seleniferous soils.
  • Se-hyperaccumulation is linked to efficient metabolic detoxification of Se.