Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Decreasing Function

Decreasing Function

A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2 in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...

Coefficient of Variation

Coefficient of Variation

The coefficient of variation measures the dispersion of the data points or distribution around the mean. Using the coefficient of variation, we can compare two data series with drastically different means or different units of measurement. The coefficient of variation for a sample and a population is expressed as a percentage of the ratio of standard deviation to the mean.
The coefficient of variation is a practical statistical tool in finance. It allows investors to assess the volatility or...

Decreased Body Temperature

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...

Decreased pulse rate

Decreased pulse rate

Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...

Kinetic Friction

Kinetic Friction

Consider a truck trying to pull a stationary car. As the truck exerts a force on the car, static friction is created at the point of contact between the two surfaces. This frictional force resists the car's movement and keeps it at rest. However, when the applied force by the truck surpasses the limiting static frictional force, an interesting phenomenon occurs. The frictional force at the interface reduces to a lower value, known as the kinetic frictional force. At this point, the car...

Types of Friction Problems

Types of Friction Problems

Friction is an essential concept in physics, engineering, and everyday life. It is the force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion between two surfaces in contact. One of the most common types of friction encountered in various applications is dry friction. Dry friction problems can be broadly categorized into three types, each with unique characteristics and challenges.
The first type of dry friction problem involves situations where there is no apparent impending motion....

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Endocrine dysfunction induced by anti-PD-1 antibody and tyrosine kinase inhibitor in a pediatric patient with renal cell carcinoma.

Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology·2026

Same author

Feasibility of a depth camera-based center of mass feedback system for closed-loop functional electrical stimulation therapy and visual feedback balance training.

Biomedical physics & engineering express·2026

Same author

Association between maternal work environment and health-related quality of life during pregnancy using the 8-item short-form health survey (SF-8): the Japan Environment and Children's Study.

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology·2026

Same author

Development of a novel cuff-free method for monitoring arterial stiffness using remote photoplethysmography (rPPG).

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Indication of diurnal variations in the rat choroid plexus for cerebrospinal fluid secretion.

Biochemistry and biophysics reports·2026

Same author

Functional Electrical Stimulation Combined With Reactive Balance Training for Individuals With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomised Clinical Trial.

Neurorehabilitation and neural repair·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Determination of the Friction Coefficients of Icy Pavements Under Different Amounts of Snowfall

Determination of the Friction Coefficients of Icy Pavements Under Different Amounts of Snowfall

Published on: January 6, 2023

Decrease in required coefficient of friction due to smaller lean angle during turning in older adults.

Takeshi Yamaguchi¹, Ryosuke Okamoto², Kazuo Hokkirigawa²

¹Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-01 Aramaki-Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.

Journal of Biomechanics

|May 13, 2018

Summary

Older adults use a safer turning strategy, reducing friction to prevent slips. This involves leaning less sideways, a key age-related gait change during turning.

Keywords:

Aging Mediolateral direction Required coefficient of friction Slips and falls Turn

More Related Videos

Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions

Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions

Published on: March 29, 2016

Fabrication of Ultra-thin Color Films with Highly Absorbing Media Using Oblique Angle Deposition

Fabrication of Ultra-thin Color Films with Highly Absorbing Media Using Oblique Angle Deposition

Published on: August 29, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 10, 2026

Determination of the Friction Coefficients of Icy Pavements Under Different Amounts of Snowfall

Determination of the Friction Coefficients of Icy Pavements Under Different Amounts of Snowfall

Published on: January 6, 2023

Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions

Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions

Published on: March 29, 2016

Fabrication of Ultra-thin Color Films with Highly Absorbing Media Using Oblique Angle Deposition

Fabrication of Ultra-thin Color Films with Highly Absorbing Media Using Oblique Angle Deposition

Published on: August 29, 2017

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Gerontology
Gait Analysis

Background:

Turning is a critical maneuver for gait and fall risk.
Age-related changes in turning mechanics are not fully understood.
Investigating the required coefficient of friction (RCOF) offers insight into turning safety.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare RCOF during step and spin turns in young and older adults.
To identify age-related differences in RCOF and its components.
To explore the relationship between RCOF, body lean, and turning strategy.

Main Methods:

Sixteen healthy young and older adults performed 90° step and spin turns.
Required coefficient of friction (RCOF) and mediolateral RCOF (RCOF_ML) were analyzed.
Mediolateral (ML) lean angle of the body was measured.

Main Results:

Older adults exhibited lower RCOF and RCOF_ML than young adults during both turn types.
Reduced RCOF_ML in older adults correlated with decreased ML body lean.
Spin turns demonstrated lower RCOF and RCOF_ML compared to step turns for all participants.

Conclusions:

Age-related reductions in RCOF_ML and ML lean may be compensatory mechanisms to reduce slip risk.
Spin turning is a safer strategy than step turning for preventing lateral slips.
Slip prevention appears prioritized over balance recovery in older adults during turning.